ORS 305.265
Deficiency notice

  • payment of deficiency
  • assessment
  • appeal
  • interest
  • rules

(1)

Except as provided in ORS 305.305 (Procedure where deficiency based on federal or other state audit report), the provisions of this section apply to all reports or returns of tax or tax liability filed with the Department of Revenue under the revenue and tax laws administered by it, except those filed under ORS 320.005 (Definitions for ORS 320.005 to 320.150) to 320.150 (Oregon State Lottery assistance in tax collection responsibilities).

(2)

As soon as practicable after a report or return is filed, the department shall examine or audit it, if required by law or the department deems such examination or audit practicable. If the department discovers from an examination or an audit of a report or return or otherwise that a deficiency exists, it shall compute the tax and give notice to the person filing the return of the deficiency and of the department’s intention to assess the deficiency, plus interest and any appropriate penalty. Except as provided in subsection (3) of this section, the notice shall:

(a)

State the reason for each adjustment;

(b)

Give a reference to the statute, regulation or department ruling upon which the adjustment is based; and

(c)

Be certified by the department that the adjustments are made in good faith and not for the purpose of extending the period of assessment.

(3)

When the notice of deficiency described in subsection (2) of this section results from the correction of a mathematical or clerical error and states what would have been the correct tax but for the mathematical or clerical error, such notice need state only the reason for each adjustment to the report or return.

(4)

With respect to any tax return filed under ORS chapter 314, 316, 317 or 318, deficiencies shall include but not be limited to the assertion of additional tax arising from:

(a)

The failure to report properly items or amounts of income subject to or which are the measure of the tax;

(b)

The deduction of items or amounts not permitted by law;

(c)

Mathematical errors in the return or the amount of tax shown due in the records of the department; or

(d)

Improper credits or offsets against the tax claimed in the return.

(5)

Intentionally left blank —Ed.

(a)

The notice of deficiency shall be accompanied by a statement explaining the person’s right to make written objections, the person’s right to request a conference and the procedure for requesting a conference. The statement, and an accompanying form, shall also explain that conference determinations are routinely transmitted via regular mail and that a person desiring to have conference determinations transmitted by certified mail may do so by indicating on the form the person’s preference for certified mail and by returning the form with the person’s written objections as described in paragraph (b) of this subsection.

(b)

Within 30 days from the date of the notice of deficiency, the person given notice shall pay the deficiency with interest computed to the date of payment and any penalty proposed. Or within that time the person shall advise the department in writing of objections to the deficiency, and may request a conference with the department, which shall be held prior to the expiration of the one-year period set forth in subsection (7) of this section.

(6)

If a request for a conference is made, the department shall notify the person of a time and place for conference and appoint a conference officer to meet with the person for an informal discussion of the matter. After the conference, the conference officer shall send the determination of the issues to the person. The determination letter shall be sent by regular mail, or by certified mail if the person given notice has indicated a preference for transmission of the determination by certified mail. The department shall assess any deficiency in the manner set forth in subsection (7) of this section. If no conference is requested and written objections are received, the department shall make a determination of the issues considering such objections, and shall assess any deficiency in the manner provided in subsection (7) of this section. The failure to request or have a conference shall not affect the rights of appeal otherwise provided by law.

(7)

If neither payment nor written objection to the deficiency is received by the department within 30 days after the notice of deficiency has been mailed, the department shall assess the deficiency, plus interest and penalties, if any, and shall send the person a notice of assessment, stating the amount so assessed, and interest and penalties. The notice of assessment shall be mailed within one year from the date of the notice of deficiency unless an extension of time is agreed upon as described in subsection (8) of this section. The notice shall advise the person of the rights of appeal.

(8)

If, prior to the expiration of any period of time prescribed in subsection (7) of this section for giving of notice of assessment, the department and the person consent in writing to the deficiency being assessed after the expiration of such prescribed period, such deficiency may be assessed at any time prior to the expiration of the period agreed upon. The period so agreed upon may be extended by subsequent agreements in writing made before the expiration of the period agreed upon.

(9)

The failure to hold a requested conference within the one-year period prescribed in subsection (5) of this section shall not invalidate any assessment of deficiency made within the one-year period pursuant to subsection (7) of this section or within any extension of time made pursuant to subsection (8) of this section, but shall invalidate any assessment of interest or penalties attributable to the deficiency. After an assessment has been made, the department and the person assessed may still hold a conference within 90 days from the date of assessment. If a conference is held, the 90-day period under ORS 305.280 (Time for filing appeals) (2) shall run from the date of the conference officer’s written determination of the issues.

(10)

Intentionally left blank —Ed.

(a)

In the case of a failure to file a report or return on the date prescribed therefor (determined with regard to any extension for filing), the department shall determine the tax according to the best of its information and belief, assess the tax plus appropriate penalty and interest, and give written notice of the failure to file the report or return and of the determination and assessment to the person required to make the filing. The amount of tax shall be reduced by the amount of any part of the tax which is paid on or before the date prescribed for payment of the tax and by the amount of any credit against the tax which may be lawfully claimed upon the return.

(b)

Notwithstanding subsection (14) of this section and ORS 305.280 (Time for filing appeals), and only to the extent allowed by rules adopted by the department, the department may accept the filing of a report or return submitted by a person who has been assessed a tax under paragraph (a) of this subsection.

(c)

The department may reject a report or return:

(A)

That is not verified as required by ORS 305.810 (Verification of return, statement or document filed under tax laws);

(B)

That the department determines is not true and correct as to every material matter as required by ORS 305.815 (False return, statement or document prohibited); or

(C)

If the department may impose a penalty under ORS 316.992 (Penalty for filing incorrect return that is based on frivolous position or is intended to delay or impede administration) (1) with respect to the report or return.

(d)

If the department rejects a report or return of a person assessed a tax under paragraph (a) of this subsection, the department shall issue a notice of rejection to the person. The person may appeal the rejection to the magistrate division of the Oregon Tax Court only if:

(A)

The report or return was filed within 90 days of the date the department’s assessment under paragraph (a) of this subsection was issued; and

(B)

The appeal is filed within 90 days of the date shown on the notice of rejection.

(e)

If the person assessed under paragraph (a) of this subsection submits a report or return to the department and appeals the assessment to the tax court, the department may request a stay of action from the court pending review of the report or return. If the department:

(A)

Accepts the filing of the report or return, the appeal shall be dismissed as moot.

(B)

Rejects the report or return, the stay of action on the appeal shall be lifted.

(f)

If the department accepts the filing of a report or return, the department may reduce the assessment issued under paragraph (a) of this subsection. A report or return filed under this subsection that is accepted by the department, whether or not the assessment has been reduced, shall be considered a report or return described in subsection (1) of this section and shall be subject to the provisions of this section, including but not limited to examination and adjustment pursuant to subsection (2) of this section.

(g)

The department may refund payments made with respect to a report or return filed and accepted pursuant to this subsection. If the report or return is filed within three years of the due date for filing the report or return, excluding extensions, the refund shall be made as provided by ORS 305.270 (Refund of excess tax paid) and 314.415 (Refunds). If the report or return is not filed within three years of the due date for filing the report or return, excluding extensions, the refund shall be limited to payments received within the two-year period ending on the date the report or return is received by the department and payments received after the date the report or return is received by the department. Interest shall be paid at the rate established under ORS 305.220 (Interest on deficiency, delinquency or refunds) from the date the report or return is received by the department to the time the refund is made.

(11)

Mailing of notice to the person at the person’s last-known address shall constitute the giving of notice as prescribed in this section.

(12)

If a return is filed with the department accompanied by payment of less than the amount of tax shown on or from the information on the return as due, the difference between the tax and the amount submitted is considered as assessed on the due date of the original report or return (determined without regard to any extension of time granted for the filing of the return) or the date the report or return is filed, whichever is later. For purposes of this subsection, the amount of tax shown on or from the information on the return as due shall be reduced by the amount of any part of the tax that is paid on or before the due date prescribed for payment of the tax, and by any credits against the tax that are claimed on the return. If the amount required to be shown as tax on a return is less than the amount shown as tax on the return, this subsection shall be applied by substituting the lesser amount.

(13)

Every deficiency shall bear interest at the rate established under ORS 305.220 (Interest on deficiency, delinquency or refunds) from the due date of the return to the date of payment. If the return was falsely prepared and filed with intent to evade the tax, a penalty equal to 100 percent of the deficiency shall be assessed and collected. All payments received shall be credited first to penalty, then to interest accrued, and then to tax due.

(14)

If the deficiency is paid in full before a notice of assessment is issued, the department is not required to send a notice of assessment, and the tax shall be considered as assessed as of the date which is 30 days from the date of the notice of deficiency or the date the deficiency is paid, whichever is the later. A partial payment of the deficiency shall constitute only a credit to the account of the person assessed. Assessments and billings of taxes shall be final after the expiration of the appeal period specified in ORS 305.280 (Time for filing appeals), except to the extent that an appeal is allowed under ORS 305.280 (Time for filing appeals) (3) following payment of the tax.

(15)

Appeal may be taken to the tax court from any notice of assessment. The provisions of this chapter with respect to appeals to the tax court apply to any deficiency, penalty or interest assessed. [1977 c.870 §3; 1981 c.724 §3; 1982 s.s.1 c.16 §5; 1985 c.266 §4; 1987 c.512 §2; 1989 c.414 §4; 1993 c.726 §4; 1995 c.650 §27; 1995 c.780 §3; 1997 c.99 §§26,27; 1999 c.224 §1; 1999 c.249 §1; 1999 c.532 §1; 2001 c.76 §5; 2001 c.660 §21; 2005 c.94 §19; 2015 c.348 §9; 2017 c.23 §2; 2017 c.278 §5]

Source: Section 305.265 — Deficiency notice; payment of deficiency; assessment; appeal; interest; rules, https://www.­oregonlegislature.­gov/bills_laws/ors/ors305.­html.

Notes of Decisions

This section provides that assessments of tax shall be final after expiration of appeal period. Case v. Dept. of Rev., 11 OTR 1 (1988); Arnold v. Dept. of Rev., 12 OTR 69 (1991)

Notice that is not sent to last known address of taxpayer is ineffective to commence appeal period. Stokes v. Dept. of Rev., 11 OTR 56 (1988); Boardman v. Dept. of Rev., 12 OTR 44 (1991)

Letter accompanying deficiency payment stating that “payment is made under protest” was written objection under this section. Amco-West Properties, Inc. v. Dept. of Rev., 11 OTR 468 (1990)

Even though plaintiff’s tax return was audited and accepted with no change, Department of Revenue was not estopped from later assessing deficiency based on audit of S corporation of which plaintiff was shareholder, because this provision permits department to adjust return if subsequent information indicates correction is necessary. Simone v. Dept. of Rev., 12 OTR 5 (1991)

Where return is not filed and department assesses deficiency on basis of “best of its information and belief,” to challenge deficiency, appeal must be taken within required time. Arnold v. Dept. of Rev., 12 OTR 69 (1991)

If notice of assessment is correctly mailed, this section does not require actual receipt of notice. Esnard v. Dept. of Rev., 12 OTR 73 (1991)

Assessment is “final” both for collection and tax court appeal purposes if administrative appeal is not initiated within 90 days. Van Tran v. Dept. of Rev., 320 Or 170, 880 P2d 924 (1994)

“Last known address” of taxpayer is determined at time notice of assessment and determination is sent. Morris v. Dept. of Revenue, 320 Or 579, 889 P2d 1294 (1995)

“Last known address” is address on last filed tax return unless department has actual notice of address change, requiring exercise of reasonable diligence to determine new address. Morris v. Dept. of Revenue, 320 Or 579, 889 P2d 1294 (1995)

Inclusion of certification that adjustments are made in good faith is necessary for notice of deficiency to be valid. Preble v. Dept. of Revenue, 331 Or 320, 14 P3d 613 (2000)

Notice of deficiency need not contain handwritten signature or variant of word “certified.” Dept. of Revenue v. Faris, 19 OTR 178 (2006)

Requirement that notice of deficiency be certified by Department of Revenue does not require that department employee sign notice by hand. Department of Revenue v. Faris, 345 Or 97, 190 P3d 364 (2008)

Law Review Citations

48 WLR 147 (2011)

305.005
Definitions
305.015
Policy
305.025
Department of Revenue
305.035
Director of Department of Revenue
305.045
Duties of director
305.057
Delegation of authority
305.060
Offices of department
305.063
Department of Revenue Administration Account
305.065
Deputy director
305.075
Employees
305.078
Authority of Department of Revenue to require fingerprints
305.079
Charges for maps, documents or publications
305.081
Definitions
305.084
Financial institution data match system
305.086
Delinquent child support obligor
305.088
Disclosure of transmission prohibited
305.091
Authorized purposes
305.094
Rules
305.100
Rules
305.102
Local budget and property tax law
305.105
Declaratory rulings by department
305.110
Duty to construe tax laws
305.120
Enforcement of tax laws
305.125
Application of administrative rules
305.127
Means of providing notice required by department
305.130
Department as party to actions involving property subject to certain tax liens
305.140
Power to release real property from certain tax liens
305.145
When interest required to be waived
305.150
Closing agreements
305.155
Cancellation of uncollectible tax
305.157
Extending statutory periods of limitation
305.160
Reports from public officers
305.170
Complaints concerning tax laws
305.180
Effect of tax warrant for purposes of out-of-state collection
305.182
Filing of warrants for unpaid taxes
305.184
Certificate of outstanding warrants
305.190
Subpoenaing and examining witnesses, books and papers
305.192
Disclosure of books and papers relating to appraisal or assessment of industrial property
305.193
Disclosure of tax information to designated persons
305.195
Written interrogatories
305.200
Witness fees and mileage
305.215
Conflicting claims for personal income tax items
305.217
When deduction for amounts paid as wages or remuneration permitted
305.220
Interest on deficiency, delinquency or refunds
305.222
Determination of interest rate
305.225
Request of assistance by law enforcement agency
305.228
Penalty for second dishonored payment of taxes
305.229
When penalties not imposed
305.231
Department of Revenue to transfer moneys to Drug Treatment and Recovery Services Fund
305.239
Qualifications of persons representing taxpayer
305.242
Representation before department or magistrate of designated partnership tax matters
305.245
Representation before tax court magistrate by officer or employee of county or department
305.260
Representation before department or magistrate by former department personnel prohibited
305.261
Department to establish program to assist tax practitioners
305.262
Department to establish program dedicating resources to assisting representatives of corporations
305.263
Order requiring filing report or return
305.265
Deficiency notice
305.267
Extension of time to issue notice of deficiency or assessment
305.270
Refund of excess tax paid
305.271
Refund transfer or assignment prohibited
305.275
Persons who may appeal due to acts or omissions
305.280
Time for filing appeals
305.285
Correction of tax and assessment rolls for subsequent tax years during pendency of appeal
305.286
Potential refund credit in property tax appeals
305.287
Determination of real market value of property tax account or components
305.288
Valuation changes for residential property substantial value error or for good and sufficient cause
305.290
Extension of time for making assessment due to bankruptcy
305.295
Cancellation of tax, penalty or interest
305.305
Procedure where deficiency based on federal or other state audit report
305.330
Tax liability of reorganized business entity
305.375
Disposition of penalties
305.380
Definitions for ORS 305.385
305.385
Agencies to supply licensee and contractor lists
305.390
Subpoenas of records containing information on industrial plant for use to determine value of different industrial plant
305.392
Process for limiting scope of third-party subpoena
305.394
When industrial plant owner may choose not to produce information sought by subpoena
305.396
Protection of confidentiality of industrial property information obtained by subpoena
305.398
Disclosure and use of industrial property confidential information obtained by third-party subpoena
305.400
Payment of costs of subpoena compliance
305.403
Appeal of value of state-appraised industrial property in tax court
305.404
Oregon Tax Court
305.405
Oregon Tax Court
305.410
Authority of court in tax cases within its jurisdiction
305.412
Jurisdiction to determine value
305.415
Service of papers and process
305.418
When transmitted complaint or petition considered to be filed
305.419
Tax, penalty and interest payable before appeal
305.420
Issuance of subpoenas
305.422
Waiver of penalty for failure to timely file property return
305.425
Proceedings to be without jury and de novo
305.427
Burden of proof in tax court proceedings
305.430
Hearings to be open to public
305.437
Damages for frivolous or groundless appeal or appeal to delay
305.440
Finality of unappealed decision of tax court
305.445
Appeals to Supreme Court
305.447
Recovery by taxpayer of certain costs and expenses upon appeal to Supreme Court
305.450
Publication of tax court decisions
305.452
Election and term of judge
305.455
Qualifications of judge
305.460
Salary, expenses, disability and retirement of judge and magistrates
305.470
Presiding judge
305.475
Offices of tax court
305.480
State Court Administrator as administrator and clerk
305.485
Records
305.487
Findings and policy
305.489
Considerations in adopting rules
305.490
Filing fees
305.492
Fees and expenses of witnesses
305.493
Fees for transcripts or copies of records
305.494
When shareholder may represent corporation in tax court proceedings
305.498
Magistrates
305.501
Appeals to tax court to be heard by magistrate division
305.505
Magistrate division records
305.525
Notice to taxpayer of right to appeal
305.560
Appeals procedure generally
305.565
Stay of collection of taxes, interest and penalties pending appeal
305.570
Standing to appeal to regular division of tax court
305.575
Authority of tax court to determine deficiency
305.580
Exclusive remedies for certain determinations
305.583
Interested taxpayer petitions for certain determinations
305.585
Local government petitions concerning taxes of another local government under 1990 Measure 5
305.586
Legislative findings
305.587
Tax court findings
305.589
Judicial declarations
305.591
Court determination that 1990 Measure 5 tax limit is inapplicable
305.605
Application of tax laws within federal areas in state
305.610
Reciprocal recognition of tax liability
305.612
Reciprocal offset of tax refunds in payment of liquidated debt or certain amounts payable
305.615
Apportionment of moneys received from United States in lieu of property taxes
305.620
Collection and distribution of local taxes on income and sales
305.625
State and political subdivisions are employers for purpose of withholding city or county income tax
305.630
Compliance with city or county income tax ordinance required
305.635
Rate of withholding to be designated by city or county
305.640
Discrimination among employers prohibited
305.645
Department of Revenue to provide services to political subdivisions
305.653
Multistate Tax Compact
305.660
Director of department to represent state
305.665
Appointment of consultants from political subdivisions imposing taxes having multistate impact
305.675
Application of compact provisions relating to interstate audits
305.676
Mediation and arbitration laws not applicable to Multistate Tax Commission processes
305.685
Multistate Tax Commission Revolving Account
305.690
Definitions for ORS 305.690 to 305.753
305.695
Oregon Charitable Checkoff Commission
305.700
Officers
305.715
Determination of eligibility
305.720
Qualification for entity for contributions by checkoff
305.725
Application of entity
305.730
Financial report of entity
305.740
Commission examination for continuing eligibility
305.745
Inclusion of eligible entities on schedule of tax return
305.747
Administrative expenses
305.753
State Treasurer may solicit donations to eligible entities
305.754
Designation of contribution to political party on income tax return
305.756
Oregon Political Party Fund
305.757
Payments to treasurers of political parties
305.758
Payment to political party considered contribution for purposes of campaign finance regulation
305.759
Contribution to political party on income tax return not to be claimed as tax credit
305.760
Paying over funds to State Treasurer and writing checks for refunds
305.762
Election for direct deposit of personal income tax refund
305.765
Refund of taxes adjudged invalid
305.770
Report of taxpayers paying invalid tax
305.775
Interest on amount of refund in certain cases
305.780
Taxes due prior to year in which suit brought
305.785
Appropriation
305.790
Manner of payment of certain costs and expenses
305.792
Surplus refund donations to education
305.794
Transfer to State School Fund
305.796
Election to contribute refund to account in Oregon 529 Savings Network
305.800
Taxpayer Advocate
305.801
Authority of Taxpayer Advocate to issue order to department
305.802
Report to Legislative Assembly
305.803
Rulemaking by department
305.804
Duty of tax professional to notify department of breach of security
305.806
Posting of information about debtors with delinquent tax debt on department website
305.810
Verification of return, statement or document filed under tax laws
305.815
False return, statement or document prohibited
305.820
Date when writing, remittance or electronic filing deemed received by tax officials
305.822
Prohibition on state or local tax on Internet access
305.823
Local government tax on telephone services prohibited
305.830
Collection of fines, penalties and forfeitures
305.840
Forms furnished by county assessors
305.842
Application of Internal Revenue Code to certain property tax laws
305.845
Remedies exclusive
305.850
Use of collection agency
305.860
Statement of rights of taxpayers
305.865
Taxpayer rights
305.870
Personnel evaluation not based on amount of taxes collected
305.875
Rights of taxpayer in meeting or communication with department
305.880
Waiver of interest or penalty when department misleads taxpayer
305.885
Right of clear explanation
305.890
Right to enter into agreement to satisfy liability in installment payments
305.895
Action against property before issuance of warrant prohibited
305.900
Short title
305.990
Criminal penalties
305.992
Civil penalty for failure to file return for three consecutive years
305.994
Civil penalties imposed on financial institution
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