ORS 810.410
Arrest and citation


(1)

A police officer may arrest or issue a citation to a person for a traffic crime at any place within or outside the jurisdictional authority of the governmental unit by which the police officer is authorized to act as provided by ORS 133.235 (Arrest by peace officer) and 133.310 (Authority of peace officer to arrest without warrant).

(2)

A police officer may issue a citation to a person for a traffic violation at any place within or outside the jurisdictional authority of the governmental unit by which the police officer is authorized to act:

(a)

When the traffic violation is committed in the police officer’s presence; or

(b)

When the police officer has probable cause to believe an offense has occurred based on a description of the vehicle or other information received from a police officer who observed the traffic violation.

(3)

A police officer:

(a)

Shall not arrest a person for a traffic violation.

(b)

May stop and detain a person for a traffic violation for the purposes of investigation reasonably related to the traffic violation, identification and issuance of citation.

(c)

May make an inquiry into circumstances arising during the course of a detention and investigation under paragraph (b) of this subsection that give rise to a reasonable suspicion of criminal activity.

(d)

May make an inquiry to ensure the safety of the officer, the person stopped or other persons present, including an inquiry regarding the presence of weapons.

(e)

May request consent to search in relation to the circumstances referred to in paragraph (c) of this subsection or to search for items of evidence otherwise subject to search or seizure under ORS 133.535 (Permissible objects of search and seizure).

(f)

May use the degree of force reasonably necessary to make the stop and ensure the safety of the police officer, the person stopped or other persons present.

(g)

May make an arrest of a person as authorized by ORS 133.310 (Authority of peace officer to arrest without warrant) (2) if the person is stopped and detained pursuant to the authority of this section.

(4)

When a police officer at the scene of a traffic accident has reasonable grounds, based upon the police officer’s personal investigation, to believe that a person involved in the accident has committed a traffic offense in connection with the accident, the police officer may issue to the person a citation for that offense. The authority under this subsection is in addition to any other authority to issue a citation for a traffic offense. [1983 c.338 §400; 1985 c.16 §212; 1991 c.720 §1; 1995 c.308 §1; 1997 c.682 §1; 1997 c.866 §§4,5; 1999 c.1051 §89; 2011 c.506 §48; 2011 c.644 §33]

Source: Section 810.410 — Arrest and citation, https://www.­oregonlegislature.­gov/bills_laws/ors/ors810.­html.

Notes of Decisions

Under former similar statute

Where conflicting information was given concerning defendant’s identity after he was stopped for a traffic violation, taking him into custody in order to determine his identity was not unreasonable. State v. Tucker, 286 Or 485, 595 P2d 1364 (1979)

This section allows only those officials who have observed infraction or who are on scene of accident and have personally investigated cause of accident to issue citations and to detain people; where no citation can be issued detention is not authorized. State v. Painter, 296 Or 422, 676 P2d 309 (1984)

In general

Where evidence showed that tribal law incorporated Oregon law concerning arrest for drunken driving, allowing arrest if officer has probable cause to believe person has committed major traffic offense, tribal officer was authorized to make such arrest. United States v. Strong, 778 F2d 1393 (1985)

Although officer did not know that South Dakota law required two license plates on vehicle, stop of defendant for displaying only one South Dakota license plate provided probable cause to believe traffic infraction had been committed in his presence. State v. Baer, 97 Or App 467, 776 P2d 876 (1989)

Officer does not lose authority to make traffic stop by waiting fifteen minutes after witnessing infraction and so long as officer’s actions are consistent with those of officer investigating traffic infraction, fact that officer has additional purposes for making stop does not invalidate it. State v. Olaiz, 100 Or App 380, 786 P2d 734 (1990), Sup Ct review denied

Trial court erred in denying defendant’s motion to suppress evidence obtained in search during lawful stop because officer’s authority to detain stopped person ends when reason for stop no longer exists. State v. Porter, 312 Or 112, 817 P2d 1306 (1991); State v. Dow, 116 Or App 542, 842 P2d 430 (1992); State v. Dominguez-Martinez, 321 Or 206, 895 P2d 306 (1995); State v. Aguilar, 139 Or App 175, 912 P2d 379 (1996), Sup Ct review denied; State v. Foster, 139 Or App 303, 912 P2d 377 (1996), Sup Ct review denied

Investigation of traffic infraction must be reasonably related to infraction, identification and issuance of citation and where arrest of driver and search of car was product of defendant’s unlawful removal and handcuffing, evidence discovered during search should have been suppressed. State v. Faccio, 114 Or App 112, 834 P2d 485 (1992)

Officer who lawfully stopped car in which defendant was passenger lacked authority to ask for consent to search or to search accoutrement when request was made solely on basis of traffic infraction. State v. Bucholz, 114 Or App 624, 836 P2d 180 (1992); State v. Wright, 152 Or App 282, 954 P2d 809 (1998), Sup Ct review denied

When police officer saw defendant who was stopped for speeding violation reach into glove compartment, remove rolled-up bag and tuck bag into sock, observations and police officer’s knowledge and experience supported reasonable suspicion defendant possessed drugs or drug paraphernalia and allowed officer to question defendant about what officer had seen. State v. Frias, 115 Or App 149, 836 P2d 1367 (1992)

ORS 131.615 and this section provided authority for officer to open door of motor vehicle when officer observed motor vehicle oddly parked and discovered defendant slumped in driver’s seat with driver’s door slightly open and engine running. State v. Rhodes, 315 Or 191, 843 P2d 927 (1992)

Mere possibility defendant was in violation of statute was not probable cause allowing stopping of vehicle. State v. Rivera, 121 Or App 246, 855 P2d 188 (1993)

Reasonable basis for suspecting that infraction has occurred is sufficient to permit stop. State v. Matthews, 126 Or App 154, 868 P2d 14 (1994), aff’d 320 Or 398, 884 P2d 1224 (1994)

Reasonable suspicion that defendant has committed illegal acts is proper standard for permitting officer to broaden scope of investigation during traffic stop. State v. Aguilar, 139 Or App 175, 912 P2d 379 (1996), Sup Ct review denied

Where passenger commits traffic infraction, limitation on permissible scope of traffic stop applies to questioning of passenger. State v. Jones, 141 Or App 63, 918 P2d 111 (1996)

Where officer announces to individual that officer observed individual breaking law, encounter is stop. State v. Terhear/Goemmel, 142 Or App 450, 923 P2d 641 (1996)

Retention of valuable property extends duration of stop whether or not retention impairs mobility of stopped person. State v. Bailey, 143 Or App 285, 924 P2d 833 (1996)

Nervous behavior of driver is insufficient by itself to raise officer safety concerns and allow expansion of stop. State v. Peterson, 143 Or App 505, 923 P2d 1340 (1996), Sup Ct review denied

Traffic stop has ended if person stopped has been given objectively reasonable opportunity to leave. State v. Hadley, 146 Or App 166, 932 P2d 1194 (1997); State v. Elverud, 154 Or App 79, 961 P2d 224 (1998), Sup Ct review denied

Where police officer lacked reasonable suspicion for expanding scope of traffic stop, officer leaning head into interior of vehicle while conducting stop was unreasonable search. State v. Hendricks, 151 Or App 271, 948 P2d 740 (1997)

Restriction on extension of traffic infraction stop applies to investigation of passengers in stopped vehicle. State v. Taylor, 151 Or App 687, 950 P2d 930 (1997), Sup Ct review denied; State v. Wright, 152 Or App 282, 954 P2d 809 (1998), Sup Ct review denied

Suspicion that passenger is under influence of alcohol or controlled substances does not provide reasonable suspicion for expanding scope of stop. State v. Morton, 151 Or App 734, 951 P2d 179 (1997), Sup Ct review denied

Where unlawful expansion of traffic stop does not impair free will of motorist, search resulting from expansion does not automatically violate prohibition in Oregon Constitution against unlawful search and seizure. State v. $113,871 in U.S. Currency, 152 Or App 770, 954 P2d 218 (1998), Sup Ct review denied

Authority of tribal police officers to enforce state traffic laws on highways running through Indian reservation is not derived from, and is not coextensive with, statutory enforcement authority given “police officers.” State v. Pamperien, 156 Or App 153, 967 P2d 503 (1998)

Under pre-1997 version of statute, whether person is stopped or detained is determined using same methodology applicable for identifying stops and detentions under Criminal Procedure Code. State v. Toevs, 327 Or 525, 964 P2d 1007 (1998)

Under pre-1997 version of statute, unlawful detention follows lawful stop where stopped person subjectively believes liberty or freedom of movement is restrained and belief is objectively reasonable based upon totality of circumstances. State v. Toevs, 327 Or 525, 964 P2d 1007 (1998)

Except as prohibited by United States or Oregon Constitution, ORS 136.432 requires admission of evidence obtained through unlawful expansion of traffic stop. State v. Arabzadeh, 162 Or App 423, 986 P2d 736 (1999)

Officer is not required to have reasonable suspicion for questions to ensure officer safety unless questioning rises to level of search or seizure. State v. Amaya, 176 Or App 35, 29 P3d 1177 (2001), aff’d 336 Or 616, 89 P3d 1163 (2004); State v. Crampton, 176 Or App 62, 31 P3d 430 (2001)

Request for consent to “search for items of evidence otherwise subject to search or seizure under ORS 133.535” does not require reasonable suspicion of criminal activity. State v. Duffy, 176 Or App 49, 29 P3d 1222 (2001), Sup Ct review denied

Police officer may not stop person pursued outside state for purpose of issuing traffic citation not authorized by foreign state’s version of Uniform Act on Fresh Pursuit. State v. Meyer, 183 Or App 536, 53 P3d 940 (2002)

Authorization for officer to make stop related to “traffic violation, identification and issuance of citation” does not require that officer have all three purposes for making stop. Efimoff v. DMV, 204 Or App 648, 131 P3d 814 (2006)

During lawful stop, officer may ask question about matter unrelated to basis of stop without having independent reasonable suspicion that subject matter of questioning occurred. State v. Amador, 230 Or App 1, 213 P3d 846 (2009), Sup Ct review denied

Law enforcement officers have justification for temporarily seizing or stopping person to conduct investigation if officer’s activities are reasonably related to investigation and reasonably necessary to effectuate investigation. State v. Watson, 353 Or 768, 305 P3d 94 (2013)

Attorney General Opinions

Under former similar statute

Arrest and incarceration of individuals for traffic infractions, (1977) Vol 38, p 960

810.010
Jurisdiction over highways
810.012
Jurisdiction over access to facilities and services from certain roads
810.020
Regulating use of throughway
810.030
Imposition of restrictions on highway use
810.040
Designation of truck routes
810.050
Increase or decrease in size or weight limits on highways if federal mandate allows or requires
810.060
Increase in weight or size if highway found capable of supporting increase
810.070
Use of golf carts on highways
810.080
Pedestrian traffic
810.090
Bicycle racing
810.100
Restriction of animal traffic to bridle paths
810.110
Designation of through highways and stop intersections
810.120
Designation of no passing zones
810.130
One-way highways
810.140
Designation of exclusive use lanes
810.150
Drain construction
810.160
Controlling parking on highways
810.170
Winter recreation parking locations
810.180
Designation of maximum speeds
810.200
Uniform standards for traffic control devices
810.210
Placement and control of traffic control devices
810.212
Requirements for certain speed limit signs
810.214
Signs prohibiting unmuffled engine brakes
810.220
Exemption from traffic control device specifications
810.230
Unlawful sign display
810.240
Unlawful interference with traffic control device or railroad sign
810.243
Operation of flashing light indicating children in school zone
810.245
Signs giving notice of consequences of traffic offenses committed in school zones
810.247
Signs giving notice of multilane roundabouts
810.250
Use of traffic control device placement or legibility as evidence
810.260
Standards for installation, operation and use of traffic control signal operating devices
810.300
Security for appearance on traffic crime
810.310
Use of license as security deposit
810.320
Use of guaranteed arrest bond certificate as security deposit
810.330
Use of automobile membership card as security deposit
810.340
Proceedings
810.350
Procedures for overloading and certain other violations
810.365
Failure to appear on certain parking offenses
810.370
Court to forward traffic conviction records to department
810.375
Duties of judges or court clerks
810.400
Uniform or badge required
810.410
Arrest and citation
810.415
Removal of vehicles, cargo or debris from roadway after collision
810.420
Use of speed measuring device
810.425
Procedure in certain parking cases
810.430
Movement of illegally parked vehicles
810.434
Photo red light
810.435
Use of photographs
810.436
Citations based on photo red light
810.437
Citations for speeding based on photo red light
810.438
Photo radar
810.439
Citations based on photo radar
810.441
Photo radar
810.442
Citations based on photo radar in highway work zones
810.443
Photo radar
810.444
Citations based on photo radar in urban high crash corridors
810.445
Use of citation amounts in City of Portland
810.448
Security for appearance of person arrested for traffic crime
810.450
Security for appearance of person issued citation
810.460
Officer’s accident report
810.480
Inspections involving vehicle dealers and dismantlers
810.490
Weighing and measuring vehicles
810.500
Stopping and testing vehicles for equipment violations
810.510
State police inspection for mechanical condition and equipment
810.520
Vehicle repair warning
810.530
Authority of weighmasters and motor carrier enforcement officers
810.540
Enforcement of snowmobile and all-terrain vehicles violations by persons other than police officers
810.550
Authority of railroad officers to move illegally parked vehicles
810.560
Certification and training of commercial vehicle inspectors
Green check means up to date. Up to date