ORS 137.106
Restitution to victims

  • objections by defendant
  • disclosure to defendant

(1)

Intentionally left blank —Ed.

(a)

When a person is convicted of a crime, or a violation as described in ORS 153.008 (Violations described), that has resulted in economic damages, the district attorney shall investigate and present to the court, at the time of sentencing or within 90 days after entry of the judgment, evidence of the nature and amount of the damages. The court may extend the time by which the presentation must be made for good cause. If the court finds from the evidence presented that a victim suffered economic damages, in addition to any other sanction it may impose, the court shall enter a judgment or supplemental judgment requiring that the defendant pay the victim restitution in a specific amount that equals the full amount of the victim’s economic damages as determined by the court. The lien, priority of the lien and ability to enforce the specific amount of restitution established under this paragraph by a supplemental judgment relates back to the date of the original judgment that is supplemented.

(b)

Notwithstanding paragraph (a) of this subsection, a court may order that the defendant pay the victim restitution in a specific amount that is less than the full amount of the victim’s economic damages only if:

(A)

The victim or, if the victim is an estate, successor in interest, trust or other entity, an authorized representative of the victim consents to the lesser amount, if the conviction is not for a person felony; or

(B)

The victim or, if the victim is an estate, successor in interest, trust or other entity, an authorized representative of the victim consents in writing to the lesser amount, if the conviction is for a person felony.

(c)

As used in this subsection, “person felony” has the meaning given that term in the rules of the Oregon Criminal Justice Commission.

(2)

After the district attorney makes a presentation described in subsection (1) of this section, if the court is unable to find from the evidence presented that a victim suffered economic damages, the court shall make a finding on the record to that effect.

(3)

No finding made by the court or failure of the court to make a finding under this section limits or impairs the rights of a person injured to sue and recover damages in a civil action as provided in ORS 137.109 (Effect of restitution order on other remedies of victim).

(4)

Intentionally left blank —Ed.

(a)

If a judgment or supplemental judgment described in subsection (1) of this section includes restitution, a court may delay the enforcement of the monetary sanctions, including restitution, only if the defendant alleges and establishes to the satisfaction of the court the defendant’s inability to pay the judgment in full at the time the judgment is entered. If the court finds that the defendant is unable to pay, the court may establish or allow an appropriate supervising authority to establish a payment schedule, taking into consideration the financial resources of the defendant and the burden that payment of restitution will impose, with due regard to the other obligations of the defendant. The supervising authority shall be authorized to modify any payment schedule established under this section.

(b)

As used in this subsection, “supervising authority” means any state or local agency that is authorized to supervise the defendant.

(5)

If the defendant objects to the imposition, amount or distribution of the restitution, the court shall allow the defendant to be heard on such issue at the time of sentencing or at the time the court determines the amount of restitution.

(6)

Intentionally left blank —Ed.

(a)

At least 10 days prior to the presentation described in subsection (1) of this section, the district attorney shall:

(A)

Disclose to the defendant the names of any witnesses that may be called during the presentation; and

(B)

Provide the defendant with copies of, or allow the defendant to inspect, any exhibits that will be used or introduced during the presentation.

(b)

If the court finds that the district attorney has violated the requirements of this subsection, the court shall grant a continuance to allow additional time for preparation upon request of the defendant. Any additional time granted under this paragraph may not count toward the 90-day time limitation described in subsection (1) of this section. [1977 c.371 §2; 1983 c.724 §1; 1993 c.533 §1; 1997 c.313 §23; 1999 c.1051 §124; 2003 c.670 §1; 2005 c.564 §2; 2007 c.425 §1; 2007 c.482 §1; 2013 c.388 §1; 2015 c.9 §2]

Source: Section 137.106 — Restitution to victims; objections by defendant; disclosure to defendant, https://www.­oregonlegislature.­gov/bills_laws/ors/ors137.­html.

Notes of Decisions

Condition of probation, requiring defendant to make restitution for items which she did not admit taking and which she was not convicted of taking, was improper. State v. Cox, 35 Or App 169, 581 P2d 104 (1978)

Trial court did not have authority to order restitution for traffic infraction, because it did not constitute criminal activity within meaning of this section. State v. Jameson, 37 Or App 151, 586 P2d 380 (1978), Sup Ct review denied; State v. Frey, 53 Or App 124, 631 P2d 349 (1981), Sup Ct review denied

Court had authority to order defendant to make restitution to victims of two burglaries where defendant was convicted of one and charge was dismissed as result of plea negotiations. State v. Zimmerman, 37 Or App 163, 586 P2d 377 (1978)

Where defendant did not offer contrary evidence or request hearing under this section, trial court did not err in ordering amount of restitution based upon victim’s estimate. State v. Ivie, 38 Or App 453, 590 P2d 740 (1979). But see State v. Gruver, 247 Or App 8, 268 P3d 760 (2011)

Order must specify amount of damages to be repaid and specific schedule for repayment. State v. Johnson, 39 Or App 711, 593 P2d 1216 (1979)

Where defendant pleaded guilty to one count of theft but second count, which he expressly denied, was dismissed as result of plea agreement, court lacked authority to order restitution of victim of second theft. State v. Armstrong, 44 Or App 219, 605 P2d 736 (1980), Sup Ct review denied

Where, upon resentencing, court set up schedule for repayment of victim and imposed additional restitution for county expenses in providing court-appointed counsel, defendant did not waive, by failure to make timely objection pursuant to this section, his objection to increasing of sanction, which resentencing court lacked authority to do. State v. Miller, 44 Or App 625, 606 P2d 689 (1980)

Where defendant was convicted of theft for stealing guitar from professional musician, costs incurred by victim to rent replacement guitar were proper element of restitution since they would be recoverable as special damages in civil action. State v. Lewis, 49 Or App 447, 619 P2d 684 (1980)

Pawnshop to whom defendant sold stolen guitar was “victim” under ORS 137.103 and entitled to restitution. State v. Lewis, 49 Or App 447, 619 P2d 684 (1980)

Where burglary was committed prior to effective date of this section, it was error for court to order defendant to pay restitution. State v. Crawford, 289 Or 151, 610 P2d 1232 (1980)

Insurance company which paid benefits to its insured who was injured by criminal defendant, suffered pecuniary damages and was victim entitled to restitution. State v. Divers, 51 Or App 351, 625 P2d 681 (1981)

Where defendant admitted his involvement in three thefts in plea petition, while pleading guilty to only one, it was not error for trial court to require restitution to victims of all three crimes. State v. Boswell, 52 Or App 535, 628 P2d 763 (1981), Sup Ct review denied

Restitution is limited to amount that could be recovered as special damages in civil suit. State v. Dillon, 292 Or 172, 637 P2d 602 (1981)

Defendant who was convicted of failure to perform statutory duties following a motor vehicle accident could not be required to pay restitution for damages resulting from the accident because they did not result from defendant’s criminal activities. State v. Eastman/Kovach, 292 Or 184, 637 P2d 609 (1981)

Because restitution is aspect of criminal law, civil right to jury trial is not implicated. State v. Rosenbaum, 57 Or App 11, 643 P2d 1284 (1982); State v. McGinnis, 105 Or App 154, 803 P2d 1525 (1991)

Where defendant contended that his admission, made during plea negotiations, of “civil liability” for transactions involving odometer rollbacks was not admission of criminal conduct under ORS 137.103, court-ordered restitution to known victim of defendant’s act was proper. State v. Davis, 57 Or App 322, 644 P2d 623 (1982)

If loss would not have occurred but for criminal activities of defendant, amount of restitution is determined separately from amount established by conviction or admission. State v. Doty, 60 Or App 297, 653 P2d 276 (1982)

Interest ordered to commence on execution of restitution order was improper because interest is not recoverable as special damages in civil action. State v. Dickenson, 68 Or App 283, 680 P2d 1028 (1984)

Attorney fees are not recoverable “special damages” if incurred in preparation of civil suit arising out of defendant’s criminal conduct. State v. O’Brien, 96 Or App 498, 774 P2d 1109 (1989), Sup Ct review denied

Trial court may not order defendant, president of corporation, to pay restitution to victim where defendant did not admit personal liability even though admitting his corporation was liable for restitution purposes. State v. Voetberg, 99 Or App 112, 781 P2d 387 (1989)

Where company’s labor and service costs constituted pecuniary damages under ORS 137.103, trial court did not err in ordering defendant to pay costs as restitution for repair of electric meter with which defendant had tampered. State v. Louden, 101 Or App 367, 790 P2d 1182 (1990)

Where defendant waived his right to be heard and object to imposition of restitution in trial court, defendant waived right to challenge imposition of restitution on appeal. State v. Carpenter, 101 Or App 489, 791 P2d 145 (1990), Sup Ct review denied; State v. Lunski, 101 Or App 495, 791 P2d 146 (1990)

Sentencing court has no authority to order defendant to pay restitution as condition of parole. State v. Gaines, 103 Or App 646, 798 P2d 730 (1990)

Where restitution was ordered without following proper procedure, restitution order was reviewable as disposition exceeding maximum allowed by law. State v. Anderson, 113 Or App 416, 833 P2d 321 (1992); State v. Jones, 113 Or App 425, 833 P2d 320 (1992), Sup Ct review denied

Attorney fees are recoverable “special damages” if incurred to assure indictment and criminal prosecution, notwithstanding that victim may subsequently file civil suit arising out of defendant’s criminal conduct. State v. Mahoney, 115 Or App 440, 838 P2d 1100 (1992), Sup Ct review denied, as modified by 118 Or App 1, 846 P2d 413 (1993)

Where pecuniary damages included future expenses that were reasonably predictable, but amount of which was not readily ascertainable, order to pay actual amount of future expenses was proper. State v. Allen, 122 Or App 587, 858 P2d 176 (1993), Sup Ct review denied

Restitution to parent of child victim was not available where civil recovery of parent’s damages would be based on tort theory not formally adopted by Oregon courts. State v. Carrillo, 125 Or App 52, 865 P2d 379 (1993)

“But for” standard of causation applies in determining whether damages are eligible for restitution. State v. Bullock, 135 Or App 303, 899 P2d 709 (1995)

Because restitution requires proof of causal relationship between criminal activity and pecuniary damage suffered, subsequent damage to stolen property does not automatically impute to thief. State v. Bonnie, 135 Or App 314, 898 P2d 1365 (1995)

Bankruptcy discharge of civil debt to victims, whether occurring before or after restitution order, does not discharge obligation to make restitution imposed as part of criminal sentence. State v. Sprang, 137 Or App 418, 904 P2d 1092 (1995)

Lost profits are includable in restitution award. State v. Jurado, 137 Or App 538, 905 P2d 274 (1995)

Restitution order is not part of presumptive sentence and therefore not precluded from review. State v. Marquez, 139 Or App 379, 912 P2d 390 (1996), Sup Ct review denied

Criminal Injuries Compensation Account is “victim” eligible to receive restitution for expenses paid. State v. Spino, 143 Or App 619, 925 P2d 101 (1996)

Where defendant’s conviction covers criminal activities during specified time period, court may not award restitution for damages arising from events occurring outside time period. State v. Howett, 184 Or App 352, 56 P3d 459 (2002)

Court may not order payment of restitution after finding person guilty except for insanity. State v. Thomas, 187 Or App 762, 69 P3d 814 (2003)

Department of Corrections routine maintenance and operation expenses are not recoverable through restitution by prisoner. State v. Wilson, 193 Or App 506, 92 P3d 729 (2004)

Under pre-2003 version of statute, court is required to consider defendant’s ability to pay only in determining restitution amount and payment terms or conditions, not in deciding whether to impose restitution. State v. Gutierrez, 197 Or App 496, 106 P3d 670 (2005), modified 199 Or App 521, 112 P3d 433 (2005), Sup Ct review denied

Determination of restitution amount is not increase in penalty for offense beyond prescribed statutory maximum requiring jury determination. State v. McMillan, 199 Or App 398, 111 P3d 1136 (2005)

Where jury determined amount of damage to reach criminal verdict, order for restitution in different amount based on preponderance of evidence did not reexamine fact tried by jury. State v. Mendez, 211 Or App 311, 155 P3d 54 (2007), Sup Ct review denied

Court may order restitution without conviction only where record clearly reflects that defendant’s admission leaves no question defendant committed criminal conduct that defendant was not convicted of committing. State v. Thorpe, 217 Or App 301, 175 P3d 993 (2007)

Lack of diligence by prosecution is not “good cause” for delaying entry of judgment requiring defendant to pay restitution. State v. Biscotti, 219 Or App 296, 182 P3d 269 (2008)

Victim’s estate is not person within meaning of statute and, therefore, not entitled to restitution. State v. Patton, 237 Or App 46, 238 P3d 439 (2010), Sup Ct review denied

Where defendant objects to amount of restitution and requests hearing, trial court must accede to defendant’s request. State v. Umphery, 241 Or App 36, 248 P3d 449 (2011), Sup Ct review denied

Defendant’s failure to request restitution hearing does not preclude appellate court from reviewing restitution award for plain error. State v. Gruver, 247 Or App 8, 268 P3d 760 (2011)

“Full amount of the victim’s economic damages” means amount of damages incurred as of date of trial court’s determination of restitution and does not include future impairment of earning capacity. State v. Jordan, 249 Or App 93, 274 P3d 289 (2012), Sup Ct review denied

This provision does not limit time frame during which trial court may resentence defendant as means of remedying violation of victim’s constitutional rights under Article I, section 42, of Oregon Constitution. State v. Thompson, 257 Or App 336, 306 P3d 731 (2013), Sup Ct review denied

Where defendant set fire to defendant’s restaurant and filed insurance claim, and insurance company hired attorneys to investigate claim, this section permits insurance company to collect award of attorney fees as economic damages that were reasonably foreseeable. State v. Ramos, 358 Or 581, 368 P3d 446 (2016)

Where defendant was charged with unlawful possession of raptor under ORS 498.002 for having dead red-tailed hawk in freezer, trial court erred in ordering defendant to pay restitution based on damages under ORS 496.705, which does not supply values of wildlife for purposes of assessing restitution under this section. State v. Shockey, 285 Or App 718, 398 P3d 444 (2017)

Comparative fault scheme applicable to nonintentional torts does not apply to criminal restitution. State v. Gutierrez-Medina, 287 Or App 240, 403 P3d 462 (2017), aff’d 365 Or 79, 442 P3d 183 (2019)

Where defendant agrees to pay restitution for economic damages, defendant is not barred from challenging imposition of additional unlawful restitution. State v. Minor, 297 Or App 461, 443 P3d 695 (2019)

Court may not impose restitution for case based on crime that is not part of conviction and that defendant did not admit committing. State v. Partain, 298 Or App 449, 446 P3d 561 (2019)

For purposes of restitution for economic damages under section, court cannot determine necessity of medical services by common knowledge of type of services provided or from generic one-line entries on insurer’s payment ledger. State v. Dickinson, 298 Or App 679, 448 P3d 694 (2019)

This section, as amended in 2013, focuses on whether there was good cause for district attorney’s delay in presenting evidence rather than other causes of delay. State v. Taylor, 300 Or App 626, 455 P3d 609 (2019), Sup Ct review denied

In order to impose restitution, court must be able to determine, from record and conviction, that jury found that defendant committed specific criminal act permitting restitution. State v. Andrews, 366 Or 65, 456 P3d 261 (2020)

When defendant is convicted of crime that results in destruction of personal property, amount of restitution is reasonable market value of property at time and place of criminal conduct that caused destruction, plus interest. State v. De Verteuil, 304 Or App 163, 467 P3d 80 (2020)

Causal connection between defendant employee’s theft and employer’s inability to pay taxes was too speculative to support award of restitution. State v. Emerine, 308 Or App 211, 480 P3d 308 (2020)

Because defendant’s bank robbery traumatized bank manager, causing bank manager to use three days of sick time that could have been used at another time, lost sick time was economic damage for which restitution may be imposed. State v. Buswell, 308 Or App 389, 479 P3d 341 (2021)

Detailed repair estimates and photographs of damaged truck were sufficient to permit reasonable factfinder to infer that repair costs, paid by insurance company, were reflection of relevant market rate and thus reasonable. State v. Aguirre-Rodriguez, 367 Or 614, 482 P3d 62 (2021)

Attorney General Opinions

Board requirement that parolee make restitution as condition of parole, (1981) Vol 42, p 117

137.010
Duty of court to ascertain and impose punishment
137.012
Suspension of imposition or execution of sentence of person convicted of certain sexual offenses
137.013
Appearance by victim at time of sentencing
137.017
Disposition of fines, costs and security deposits received by court
137.020
Time for pronouncing judgment
137.030
Presence of defendant at pronouncement of judgment
137.040
Bringing defendant in custody to pronouncement of judgment
137.050
Nonattendance or nonappearance of released defendant when attendance required by court
137.060
Form of bench warrant
137.070
Counties to which bench warrant may issue
137.071
Requirements for judgment documents
137.074
Fingerprints of convicted felons and certain misdemeanants required
137.076
Blood or buccal sample and thumbprint of certain convicted defendants required
137.077
Presentence report
137.079
Presentence report
137.080
Consideration of circumstances in aggravation or mitigation of punishment
137.085
Age and physical disability of victim as factors in sentencing
137.090
Considerations in determining aggravation or mitigation
137.100
Defendant as witness in relation to circumstances
137.101
Compensatory fine
137.103
Definitions for ORS 137.101 to 137.109
137.105
Authority of trial court during pendency of appeal
137.106
Restitution to victims
137.107
Authority of court to amend part of judgment relating to restitution
137.108
Restitution when defendant has entered into diversion agreement
137.109
Effect of restitution order on other remedies of victim
137.118
Assignment of judgments for collection of monetary obligation
137.120
Term of sentence
137.121
Maximum consecutive sentences
137.123
Provisions relating to concurrent and consecutive sentences
137.124
Commitment of defendant to Department of Corrections or county
137.126
Definitions for ORS 137.126 to 137.131
137.128
Community service as part of sentence
137.129
Length of community service sentence
137.131
Community service as condition of probation for offense involving graffiti
137.138
Forfeiture of weapons and revocation of hunting license for certain convictions
137.143
All monetary obligations constitute single obligation on part of convicted person
137.145
Definitions for ORS 137.145 to 137.159
137.146
Priorities for application of payments on criminal judgments entered in circuit courts
137.147
Priorities for application of payments on criminal judgments entered in local courts
137.149
Level I obligations in circuit court judgments
137.151
Level I obligations in local court judgments
137.153
Level II obligations in circuit court judgments
137.154
Level II obligations in local court judgments
137.155
Level III obligations in circuit court judgments
137.156
Level III obligations in local court judgments
137.157
Level IV obligations in circuit court judgments
137.158
Level IV obligations in local court judgments
137.159
Level V obligations in circuit court judgments
137.167
Imprisonment when county jail is not suitable for safe confinement
137.170
Entry of judgment in criminal action
137.172
Entry of corrected judgment
137.175
Judgment in criminal action that effects release of defendant
137.183
Interest on judgments
137.210
Taxation of costs against complainant
137.212
Clerk to prepare trial court file
137.218
Joint petition for reconsideration of conviction or sentence
137.221
Vacation of judgment of conviction for prostitution
137.222
Motion for reduction of marijuana conviction offense classification
137.223
Order setting aside judgment of guilty except for insanity
137.225
Order setting aside conviction or record of criminal charge
137.226
Eligibility for order setting aside certain marijuana convictions
137.227
Evaluation after conviction to determine if defendant is alcoholic or drug-dependent person
137.228
Finding that defendant is alcoholic or drug-dependent person
137.229
Duty of Department of Corrections
137.230
Definitions for ORS 137.260
137.260
Political rights restored to persons convicted of felony before August 9, 1961, and subsequently discharged
137.270
Effect of felony conviction on property of defendant
137.275
Effect of felony conviction on civil and political rights of felon
137.281
Withdrawal of rights during term of incarceration
137.285
Retained rights of felon
137.286
Minimum fines for misdemeanors and felonies
137.300
Criminal Fine Account
137.301
Legislative findings
137.310
Authorizing execution of judgment
137.315
Electronic telecommunication of notice of judgment authorized
137.320
Delivery of defendant when committed to Department of Corrections
137.330
Where judgment of imprisonment in county jail is executed
137.333
Exception to ORS 137.330
137.370
Commencement and computation of term of imprisonment in state correctional institution
137.372
Credit for time served as part of probationary sentence
137.375
Release of prisoners whose terms expire on weekends or legal holidays
137.380
Discipline, treatment and employment of prisoners
137.390
Commencement, term and termination of term of imprisonment in county jail
137.440
Return by officer executing judgment
137.450
Enforcement of money judgment in criminal action
137.452
Satisfaction of monetary obligation imposed as part of sentence
137.463
Death warrant hearing
137.464
Administrative assessment of defendant’s mental capacity
137.466
Judicial determination of defendant’s mental capacity
137.467
Delivery of warrant when place of trial changed
137.473
Means of inflicting death
137.476
Assistance by licensed health care professional or nonlicensed medically trained person
137.478
Return of death warrant after execution of sentence of death
137.482
Service of documents on defendant
137.520
Power of committing magistrate to parole and grant temporary release to persons confined in county jail
137.523
Custody of person sentenced to confinement as condition of probation
137.525
Probation for person convicted of crime described in ORS 163.305 to 163.467
137.530
Investigation and report of parole and probation officers
137.532
Probation without entering plea
137.533
Probation without entering judgment of guilt
137.540
Conditions of probation
137.542
Probation conditions related to medical use of cannabis
137.545
Period of probation
137.547
Consolidation of probation violation proceedings
137.551
Revocation of probationary sentences
137.553
Use of citations for probation violations authorized
137.557
Citation
137.560
Copies of certain judgments to be sent to Department of Corrections
137.570
Authority to transfer probationer from one agency to another
137.580
Effect of transfer of probationer from one agency to another
137.590
Appointment of parole and probation officers and assistants
137.592
Policy regarding probation violations
137.593
Duty of corrections agencies to impose structured, intermediate sanctions for probation violations
137.595
Establishing system of sanctions
137.596
Probation violations
137.597
Probationer may consent to imposition of sanctions
137.599
Hearing prior to, or after, imposition of sanctions
137.610
Performance by Department of Corrections staff of duties of parole and probation officers appointed by judge
137.620
Powers of parole and probation officers
137.630
Duties of parole and probation officers
137.633
Earned reduction of supervision period
137.635
Determinate sentences required for certain felony convictions
137.637
Determining length of determinate sentences
137.651
Definitions for ORS 137.654, 137.656 and 137.658
137.654
Oregon Criminal Justice Commission
137.656
Purpose and duties of commission
137.658
Authority of chairperson to create committees within commission
137.661
Agency cooperation with commission
137.662
Oregon Criminal Justice Commission Account
137.667
Amendments to sentencing guidelines
137.669
Guidelines control sentences
137.671
Authority of court to impose sentence outside guidelines
137.672
Aggravating factor sentencing rules relating to gender identity of victim
137.673
Validity of rules
137.674
Use of force data analysis
137.676
Development of method for district attorneys to record and report bias-related crime data
137.678
Analysis of bias-related crime and incident data
137.679
Restorative justice grant program
137.680
Development of specialty court standards
137.681
Innovative Grant Program
137.682
Innovative Grant Fund
137.683
Racial and ethnic impact statements for proposed legislation
137.685
Racial and ethnic impact statements for state measures
137.689
Oregon Crimefighting Act
137.690
Major felony sex crime
137.700
Offenses requiring imposition of mandatory minimum sentences
137.705
Definitions
137.707
Mandatory minimum sentences for certain juvenile offenders waived to adult court
137.709
Application of ORS 137.700 and 137.707
137.712
Exceptions to ORS 137.700 and 137.707
137.717
Presumptive sentences for certain property offenders
137.719
Presumptive life sentence for certain sex offenders upon third conviction
137.725
Presumptive life sentence for certain sex offenders upon second conviction
137.750
Sentencing requirements concerning defendant’s eligibility for certain types of leave, release or programs
137.751
Determination of defendant’s eligibility for release on post-prison supervision under ORS 421.508
137.752
Requirements when defendant committed to custody of county
137.754
Authority of court to modify judgment to comply with ORS 137.750 and 137.752
137.765
Sexually violent dangerous offenders
137.767
Presentence investigation and examination
137.769
Defendant’s right to independent examination
137.771
Resentencing hearing
137.924
Supervisory authority to provide information to agency directors
137.930
Criminal history data provider requirements
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